1.1. Pangkat (Eksponen)
Sifat-sifat pada pangkat:
§ Am x An = Am+n Contoh: 73 x 78 = 711
§ Am : An = Am-n Contoh: 75 : 73 = 75
§ (A x B)n = An x Bn Contoh: (5 x 4)2 = 52 x 42
§ (A : B)n = An : Bn Contoh: (10 : 2)3 = 103 :23
§ A-n = 1/An Contoh: 7-2 = 1/72 = 1/49
§ A0 = 1 Contoh: 70 = 1
§ A1/n = n√A Contoh: 81/3 = 3√8 =2
§ Am/n = n√Am Contoh: 62/3 = 3√62
1.2. Operasi Bentuk Akar
§ m√A + n√A = (m+n)√A Contoh: 2√8 + 1√A = (2+1)√8 = 3√8
§ m√A – n√A = (m-n)√A Contoh: 5√8 – 2√8 = (5-2)√8 = 3√8
§ √A x √B = √AB Contoh: √5 x √6 = √30
§ m√A x n√B = mn√AB Contoh: 2√5 x 3√6 = 6√30
1.3. Logaritma
Sifat-sifat logaritma:
§ alog b = log b
log a
§ alog b = 1
§ alog b. blog c = alog c
§ alog b + alog c = alog (b.c)
§ alog b – alog c = alog (b/c)
§ alog bn = n. alog b
§ a.alog b = b
Persamaan Logaritma:
alog f(x) = alog p à f(x) = p
alog f(x) = alog g(x) à f(x) = g(x), dengan syarat f(x) dan g(x) > 0.
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